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Research: ARONSON and colleagues,
Listed in Issue 70
Abstract
ARONSON and colleagues, Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1738, USA, evaluated whether a 3-month dietary intervention affected the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids in plasma and gluteal fat in men with untreated prostate cancer . The investigators also evaluated the feasibility of studying cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in serial prostate needle biopsy specimens before and after the diet.
Background
The results of epidemiological and animal studies support the role of a low-fat diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids contained in fish oil in preventing the development and progression of prostate cancer . The present study was undertaken as a first step in studying the role of a low-fat fish oil-supplemented (LF/FOS) diet in a clinical setting .
Methodology
In this prospective clinical trial, 9 men with untreated prostate cancer consumed an LF/FOS diet for 3 months. Plasma, gluteal adipose tissue and prostate needle biopsy specimens were taken before and after intervention. Fatty acid compositions of plasma and gluteal adipose tissue were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), and COX-2 expression in prostate tissue was determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results
3 months' intervention with an LF/FOS diet caused a significant increase in omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratio in plasma (p=0.002) and gluteal adipose tissue (p=0.002). Of 7 patients in whom COX-2 expression in prostate tissue was quantified, this decreased in 4.
Conclusion
The LF/FOS diet may have the potential to prevent the development and/or progression of prostate cancer by way of altered COX-2 expression and prostaglandin production in prostate tissue. This possible potential requires further study .
References
Aronson WJ et al. Modulation of omega-3/omega-6 polyunsaturated ratios with dietary fish oils in men with prostate cancer. Urology 58 (2): 283-8. Aug 2001.
