Positive Health Online

Abstract

BROWN and GOODMAN, University of Florida, College of Nursing, J. Hillis Miller Health Sciences Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA, have reviewed (65 references) vitamins A, C, and E, and their relationship to cardiovascular disease.

Background

Certain modifications in low density lipoproteins (LDL) are thought to be a major pathogen for cardiovascular disease. These have in the last 10 years been linked to oxidative damage by free radicals, and as a consequence numerous trials have been conducted to try and prevent these modifications with antioxidant vitamins.

Methodology

Results

Results and Conclusions: This report summarizes the major findings of cardiovascular disease-related epidemiological research and clinical trials conducted in the past 5 years on vitamins A, C, and E. In prospective studies, the supplementation with vitamins A, C, and E has been correlated with lower mortality rates from cardiovascular disease. When recent clinical trials and oxidation studies are analyzed, the weight of the evidence suggests that 100 – 400 IU of daily vitamin E over two years or more may positively influence mortality rates. People with hypertension or diabetes and smokers may also benefit from extra vitamin C.

Conclusion

References

Brown DJ , Goodman J. A review of vitamins A, C, and E and their relationship to cardiovascular disease. Clinical Excellence for Nurse Practitioners 2 (1): 10-22, Jan 2003.