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Research: CASTILLA and COLLEAGUES,
Listed in Issue 164
Abstract
CASTILLA and COLLEAGUES, Servicio de Bioquimica-Investigacion and the Servicio de Nefrologia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain compared the effects of dietary supplementation with concentrated red grape juice (RGJ), a source of polyphenols, and vitamin E on neutrophil NADPH oxidase activity and other cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysis patients.
Background
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death among hemodialysis patients; it has been attributed to increased oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, malnutrition, and chronic inflammation. Activation of neutrophils is a well-recognized feature in dialysis patients, and superoxide-anion production by neutrophil NADPH oxidase may contribute significantly to oxidative stress.
Methodology
Thirty-two patients undergoing hemodialysis were recruited and randomly assigned to groups to receive dietary supplementation with RGJ, vitamin E, or both or a control condition without supplementation or placebo. Blood was obtained at baseline and on days 7 and 14 of treatment.
Results
RGJ consumption but not vitamin E consumption reduced plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B and increased those of HDL cholesterol. Both RGJ and vitamin E reduced plasma concentrations of oxidized LDL and ex vivo neutrophil NADPH oxidase activity. These effects were intensified when the supplements were used in combination; in that case, reductions in the inflammatory biomarkers intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 also were observed.
Conclusion
Regular ingestion of concentrated RGJ by hemodialysis patients reduces neutrophil NADPH-oxidase activity and plasma concentrations of oxidized LDL and inflammatory biomarkers to a greater extent than does that of vitamin E. This effect of RGJ consumption may favour a reduction in cardiovascular risk.
References
Castilla P, Davalos A, Teruel JL, Cerrato F, Fernandez-Lucas M, Merino JL, Sanchez-Martin CC, Ortuno J and Lasuncion MA. Comparative effects of dietary supplementation with red grape juice and vitamin E on production of superoxide by circulating neutrophil NADPH oxidase in hemodialysis patients. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 87(4): 1053-61. Apr 2008.
