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Research: HIRVONEN and co-workers,
Listed in Issue 109
Abstract
HIRVONEN and co-workers, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, tero.hirvonen@ktl.fi, have studied flavonoids and the risk of intermittent claudication in smokers.
Background
The aim of the study was to investigate the association between flavonol and flavone intake and the risk of intermittent claudication, a condition often experiences by smokers, in smoking men.
Methodology
The study population consisted of participants of the Finnish alpha-Tocopherol, beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study, who were free of intermittent claudication at study entry. These 25,041 male smokers completed a validated dietary questionnaire at baseline. During the follow-up time of 4.1 years, 2412 new cases of intermittent claudication were observed.
Results
Dietary intake of flavonols and flavones was inversely associated with the risk of intermittent claudication when adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors (relative risk in the highest vs. lowest quintile of intake 0.86, p for trend 0.007). However, after further adjustment for intakes of vitamins C and E and total carotenoids, the association was attenuated to 0.93 (p for trend 0.12). The risk of intermittent claudication was lower among men in the highest quintile of vegetable consumption (0.78, p for trend 0.0001) and among wine drinkers (relative risk 0.63,). Adjustment for flavonol and flavone intake only marginally changed these associations.
Conclusion
Flavonol and flavone intake was not independently associated with the risk of intermittent claudication.
References
Hirvonen T, Tornwall ME, Pietinen P, Korhonen P, Albanes D, Virtamo J. Flavonol and flavone intake and the risk of intermittent claudication in male smokers. European Journal of Epidemiology 19(4): 305-311, 2004.
