Positive Health Online

Abstract

Hondras MA and colleagues,  Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Davenport, IA 52803, USA. maria.hondras@palmer.edu  describe recruitment and enrollment experiences of 2 low back pain (LBP) randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Background

The setting was a Chiropractic research center in the midwest United States that is not a fee-for-service clinic. Both trials enrolled participants with subacute or chronic LBP without neurologic signs who had not received spinal manipulative care during the previous month.

Methodology

For study 1 the authors screened 1940 potential participants to enrol 192 participants (89 women and 103 men), mean age 40.0 +/- 9.4 years (range, 21-54 years). For study 2 the authors screened 1849 potential participants to enrol 240 participants (105 women and 135 men) at least 55 years old (mean, 63.1 +/- 6.7 years). Study 1 randomly assigned participants to 2 weeks of 2 different chiropractic techniques or a wait list control group. Study 2 randomly assigned participants to 6 weeks of 2 different chiropractic techniques or medical care consisting of 3 provider visits for medications. Outcome Measures: Recruitment source costs and yield, and baseline characteristics of enrolled versus non-participants were recorded.

Results

The authors conducted 3789 telephone screens for both trials to enrol 432 (11%) participants, at a cost in excess of $156,000 for recruitment efforts. The cost per call for all callers averaged $41, ranging from $4 to $300 based on recruitment method; for enrolled participants, the cost per call was $361, ranging from $33 to $750. Direct mail efforts accounted for 62% of all callers, 57% for enrolled participants, and had the second lowest cost per call for recruitment efforts.

Conclusion

It is important that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research can be successfully conducted at CAM institutions. However, the costs associated with recruitment efforts for studies conducted at CAM institutions may be higher than expected and many self-identified participants are users of the CAM therapy. Therefore, strategies for efficient recruitment methods and targeting nonusers of CAM therapies should be developed early for CAM trials.

References

Hondras MA,  Long CR,  Haan AG,  Spencer LB and  Meeker WC. Recruitment and enrollment for the simultaneous conduct of 2 randomized controlled trials for patients with subacute and chronic low back pain at a CAM research center.  Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 14(8):983-92, Oct. 2008.