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Research: KEAN and COLLEAGUES,
Listed in Issue 259
Abstract
KEAN and COLLEAGUES, 1. Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218 (H24), Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; 2. Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Clinic, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.3. Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218 (H24), Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia. cstough@swin.edu.au studied the effects of a marine oil extract (PCSO-524®) on inattention, hyperactivity, mood and cognition in children and adolescents.
Background
This study investigated the effects of a marine oil extract (PCSO-524®) on inattention, hyperactivity, mood and cognition in children and adolescents. PCSO-524® is a standardised lipid extract of the New Zealand green-lipped mussel and is an inflammatory modulator that inhibits the 5'-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways and decreases concentrations of the pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid (AA).
Methodology
PCSO-524® or a matched placebo was administered for 14 weeks to 144 participants (123 males/21 females; mean age 8.7 years) with high hyperactivity and inattention in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The primary outcome was the Conners Parent Rating Scale assessing parental reports of behavioural problems. Secondary outcomes assessed changes in cognition and mood.
Results
The results of the present study did not support the hypothesis that PCSO-524® improves parental reports of hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity in children ages 6 to 14 years over placebo. Repeated measures ANOVA on post hoc subsample analysis indicated significant improvements in hyperactivity (p = 0.04), attention (p = 0.02), learning (p = 0.05) and probability of ADHD (p = 0.04) with a medium to large average effect size (d = 0.65) in those children who did not meet criteria for combined hyperactivity and inattention. Furthermore, significant improvements in the PCSO-524® group were indicated in a whole sample repeated measures ANCOVA on recognition memory between baseline and week 8 over placebo (p = 0.02, d = 0.56); this difference was not sustained at week 14.
Conclusion
The results presented indicate that PCSO-524® may be beneficial in reducing levels of hyperactivity and inattention in a population of children with clinical and subclinical symptoms of ADHD.
References
Kean JD1, Sarris J1,2, Scholey A1, Silberstein R1, Downey LA1, Stough C3. Reduced inattention and hyperactivity and improved cognition after marine oil extract (PCSO-524®) supplementation in children and adolescents with clinical and subclinical symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 234(3):403-420. doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4471-y. Epub 2016 Dec 5. Feb 2017.
Comment
The above research demonstrated that marine oil extract PCSO-524® supplementation in children and adolescents with clinical and subclinical symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) resulted in reduced inattention and hyperactivity and improved cognition.
