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Research: NKONDJOCK and GHADIRIAN,
Listed in Issue 103
Abstract
NKONDJOCK and GHADIRIAN, Epidemiology Research Unit, Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal-Hotel-Dieu, Pavillon Masson, 3850 Saint Urbain Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1T7, have investigated the intake of specific carotenoids and essential fatty acids and the risk of breast cancer.
Background
Evidence from previous studies on the role of carotenoids and fatty acids in the etiology of breast cancer is inconsistent, and no study has been performed on the combined effect of the two substance groups.
Methodology
In this population-based case-control study, the dietary intake of carotenoids and fatty acids was estimated by a food frequency questionnaire in 414 cases of breast cancer and 429 healthy controls.
Results
In premenopausal women who smoked, an increased risk was related to alpha-carotene. In women who never used hormone replacement therapy, a reduced risk was related to beta-carotene. In postmenopausal women, total carotenoids were associated with an increased risk for breast cancer in those with a high intake of arachidonic acid, and with a decreased risk in those with a high intake of docosahexaenoic acid.
Conclusion
High intake of a combination of carotenoids and docosahexaenoic acid may reduce the risk of breast cancer.
References
Nkondjock A, Ghadirian P. Intake of specific carotenoids and essential fatty acids and breast cancer risk in Montreal, Canada. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 79 (5): 857-864, May 2004.
