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Research: TIGISTU-SAHLE and COLLEAGUES,
Listed in Issue 297
Abstract
TIGISTU-SAHLE and COLLEAGUES, 1. Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 2. Advanced Therapies and Product Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland; 3. Institute of Biomedicine, Division of Surgery, University of Oulu and Clinical Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu, Finland; 4. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Surgery, University of Oulu and Clinical Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu, Finland; 5. Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland reijo.kakela@helsinki.fi characterized the metabolism and phospholipid assembly of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
Background
High arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and low n-3 PUFA levels impair the capacity of cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) to modulate immune functions. The capacity of the hBMSCs to modify PUFA structures was found to be limited.
Methodology
Therefore, different PUFA supplements given to the cells resulted in very different glycerophospholipid (GPL) species profiles and substrate availability for phospholipases, which have preferences for polar head group and acyl chains when liberating PUFA precursors for production of lipid mediators.
Results
When supplemented with 20:4n-6, the cells increased prostaglandin E2 secretion. However, they elongated 20:4n-6 to the less active precursor, 22:4n-6, and also incorporated it into triacylglycerols, which may have limited the proinflammatory signaling. The n-3 PUFA precursor, 18:3n-3, had little potency to reduce the GPL 20:4n-6 content, while the eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acid supplements efficiently displaced the 20:4n-6 acyls, and created diverse GPL species substrate pools allowing attenuation of inflammatory signaling.
Conclusion
The results emphasize the importance of choosing appropriate PUFA supplements for in vitro hBMSC expansion and suggests that for optimal function they require an exogenous fatty acid source providing 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 sufficiently, but 20:4n-6 moderately, which calls for specifically designed optimal PUFA supplements for the cultures.
References
Tigistu-Sahle F1, Lampinen M1, Kilpinen L1,2, Holopainen M2, Lehenkari P3,4, Laitinen S2, Käkelä R5. Metabolism and phospholipid assembly of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. J Lipid Res;58(1):92-110. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M070680. Epub 2016 Nov 16. Jan 2017.
