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Research: XU and co-workers,
Listed in Issue 146
Abstract
XU and co-workers, Department of Epidemiology, Fu Dan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, have prepared a report on nutritional factors connected to cancer of the endometrium.
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dietary nutrients in the aetiology of endometrial cancer in a population-based case-control study.
Methodology
The population studied consisted of 1,204 newly diagnosed endometrial cancer cases and 1,212 age frequency-matched controls. Information on usual dietary habits was collected during an in-person interview using a validated, quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association of nutrients with endometrial cancer risk.
Results
Higher calorie intake was associated with increased risk, which was attributable to animal source energy and a high proportion of energy from protein and fat. Odds ratios comparing highest versus lowest quintiles of intake were elevated for intake of animal protein (Odds ratio = 2.0) and fat (Odds ratio = 1.5), but reduced for plant sources of these nutrients (Odds ratio = 0.7 for protein and Odds ratio = 0.6 for fat). Further analysis showed that saturated and monounsaturated fat intake was associated with elevated risk, while polyunsaturated fat intake was unrelated to risk. Dietary retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, dietary fibre, and vitamin supplements were inversely associated with risk. No significant association was observed for dietary vitamin B1 or vitamin B2.
Conclusion
Associations of dietary macronutrients with endometrial cancer risk may depend on their sources, with intake of animal origin nutrients being related to higher risk and intake of plant origin nutrients related to lower risk. Dietary fibre, retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin supplementation may decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.
References
Xu WH et al. Nutritional factors in relation to endometrial cancer: a report from a population-based case-control study in Shanghai, China. International Journal of Cancer 120 (8): 1776-1781, Apr 15, 2007.
